Linux网站搭建#

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1.安装环境
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  yum -y install  gcc-c++  pcre-devel  zlib-devel
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2.下载
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  wget https://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.22.1.tar.gz
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tar -zxvf nginx-1.22.1.tar.gz   //解压安装包
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3.源码安装
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  ./configure  --prefix=路径    //指定编译安装目录，默认目录位置在/usr/local
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  make&&make install    //编译与安装
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4.启动服务
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  cd 安装目录
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  ./sbin/nginx  //执行文件启动服务

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vim /etc/profile
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 export NGINX_PATH=/usr/local/nginx/sbin
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 export PATH=$PATH:$NGINX_PATH
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source /etc/profile    //重新加载该配置文件

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nginx -v    //查看nginx版本
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nginx -s stop  //停止
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nginx -s quit  //退出
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nginx -s reopen  //重启
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nginx -s reload  //重新加载
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nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf  //指定主配置文件并开启服务

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/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
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 http {
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    include       mime.types;  //文件扩展名与文件类型映射表
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    default_type  application/octet-stream;   //默认文件类型
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    sendfile        on;      //支持文件发送（下载）
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    keepalive_timeout  65;    //连接保持超时时间
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    server {          //web服务监听配置
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        listen       80;      //监听端口
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        server_name  localhost;  //网站名称
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                location / {        //定义安装目录为软件根目录
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            root   html;      //网页存放目录
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            index  index.html index.htm;  //默认索引网页
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        }
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        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;   //错误页面
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        location = /50x.html {    //错误页面配置
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            root   html;
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        }
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    }
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}

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wget http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm
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yum -y install epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm   //安装源
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rpm -Uvh https://mirror.webtatic.com/yum/el7/webtatic-release.rpm

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yum -y install php72w-cli php72w-common php72w-devel php-mysqli php72w-fpm php72w php72w-cli php72w-fpm php72w-curl php72w-gd php72w-mysql php72w-xml php72w-mbstring

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vim /etc/php.ini
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 short_open_tag = On
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whereis php.ini    //查看php.ini文件相关路径
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systemctl start php-fpm    //启动服务
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php -v    //查看PHP版本

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cd /安装路径/conf/
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vim nginx.conf
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 location ~ \.php$ {
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            root    html;            //php网页根目录
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            fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;  //php-fpm的监听地址
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            fastcgi_index  index.php;         //php首页文件
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            fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /usr/local/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name;  //网站根目录
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            include        fastcgi_params;

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在网站根目录（/安装路径/html/）创建index.php
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 <?
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 phpinfo();
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 ?>
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可以成功访问http://web服务器IP/index.php

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1.下载
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  wget https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/p/23/file/mysql-8.0.30-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
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  scp mysql-8.0.30-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar zyl@192.168.137.131:/home/zyl/Desktop/
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  tar -xvf mysql-8.0.30-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar  //解压包
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2.安装
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  rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.0.30-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
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3.安装过程报错处理
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  error: Failed dependencies:  //报错缺少哪些依赖，就安装哪些依赖
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  error: Failed dependencies:  mariadb-libs is obsoleted by mysql-community-libs-8.0.30-1.el7.x86_64    //在MySQL8.0中，Linux默认的mariadb-libs已废弃，需要卸载mariadb-libs
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  yum remove mariadb-libs.x86_64  //卸载mariadb-libs
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4.systemctl start mysqld  //启动服务

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mysql -u root -p 密码
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grep "password" /var/log/mysqld.log

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ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '密码';  //初次使用需要修改密码
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show variables like 'validate_password%';  //查看密码复杂度
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use mysql;    //使用/进入数据库
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select host,user from user;    //查询数据库的用户信息

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<?
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$servername = "MySQL服务器IP";
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$username = "用户名";
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$password = "密码";
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$conn = new mysqli($servername, $username, $password);
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if ($conn->connect_error) {
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    die("数据库连接失败: " . $conn->connect_error);
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}
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echo "数据库连接成功";
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phpinfo();
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?>

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报错处理：
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1.数据库连接失败: Host '192.168.81.100' is not allowed to connect to this MySQL server
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  update user set host='%' where user='root';    //支持远程登录root
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  flush privileges;  //刷新权限设置
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2.数据库连接失败: Authentication plugin 'caching sha2 password cannot be loaded: /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin(caching sha2 password.so: cannot openshared object file: No such file or directory
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  alter user 'root'@'%' identified with mysql_native_password by 'password';  //修改身份验证插件
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物理机访问显示“数据库连接成功”
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mysqli搜索 --- Active Links 为 1 才代表成功
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以上错误都解决的情况下：
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开启php报错显示：
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vim /etc/php.ini
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display_errors = On

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vim includes/db.php
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$db['db_host'] = "192.168.137.131";
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$db['db_user'] = "root";
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$db['db_pass'] = "Aa@123456";
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$db['db_name'] = "cms";
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数据库：
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创建数据库
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create database cms;
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show databases;
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导入数据库文件
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use cms;
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source cms.sql